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Jacobus Marinus Hamelink (born 12 January 1939 in Driewegen), better known as Jacques Hamelink, is a Dutch poet, novelist, and literary critic, who is best known for his early short story collections such as ''Het plantaardig bewind'' ("''De Vegetative Dominion''", 1964) en ''De rudimentaire mens'' ("''Rudimentary Man''", 1968). Later on in his career he gradually abandoned his pessimistic prose and chose to write more and more poetry full of historical and literary references, while at the same time not neglecting the sound value of his verse. These two factors have gradually alienated him from an initially enthusiastic audience. ==Writing and reception== Hamelink's early stories (as collected in ''Het plantaardig bewind'', ''Horror vacui'' and ''De rudimentaire mens'') revolve around the interplay between man and nature, where the former is always inferior to the latter. Main characters in these stories often disappear or die faced with the amoral and omnipresent force of life. The poetry, collected in such books as ''De eeuwige dag'' ("''The Eternal Day''") and ''Een koude onrust'' ("''A Cold Anxiety''"), is in a very similar vein, and both poetry and prose were enthusiastically received by audience and critics alike.〔Van Domselaar, Kees. "Jacques Hamelink". ''Kritisch Literatuurlexicon'' 27 (1987)〕 This initial success would be short-lived: starting with ''Oudere gronden'' ("''Older soils''") Hamelink's poetry became more and more abstract, bare of all personal involvement but still maintaining the same themes. His work was quickly branded hermetic and shoved to the side. Despite his growing impopularity, Hamelink continued on his set course, which would become more and more mystical as the years progressed. His growing belief, borrowed from poets such as Paul Celan and Hölderlin, was that poetry should try to speak the impossible, and that its failure to do this constitutes its greatness. This was perhaps most effectively enunciated in the speech "Op weg naar de poëzie" ("On the Way to Poetry"), published in the significantly titled ''Niemandsgedichten'' ("''Nobodypoems''"). Paradoxically, after the publication of ''Niemandsgedichten'' Hamelink's poetry became more instead of less personal. This is most obvious in books such as ''Ceremoniële en particuliere madrigalen'' ("''Ceremonial and Specific Madrigals''") and ''Herinnering aan het verdwenen light'' ("''Remembrance of the Disappeared Light''"), where he dealt with the history of his own family and the particular surroundings (the Dutch province of Zeelandic Flanders) of his youth. These years (the 1980s) also feature the publication of two important critical texts: ''De droom van de poëzie'' ("''The Dream of Poetry''") and ''In een lege kamer een garendraadje'' ("''In an Empty Room a Piece of String''"). The former is a wider treatment of the trend set by ''Op weg naar de poëzie'': for Hamelink, the writer who tries to capture the "mystery" has to be thoroughly familiar with both human history and the literary tradition. In doing this Hamelink consciously placed himself in a tradition that stretches from Dante Alighieri to T. S. Eliot. Similarly to the poet, high demands are made on the reader and critic. ''In een lege kamer een garendraadje'' is a violent attack on a contemporary Dutch literary criticism that was less and less appreciative of Hamelink's work. Hamelink especially reproached his contemporaries for their lack of knowledge of the classics and their complacent admiration for "experimental" poetry.〔This is not to say that Hamelink's poetry is not fairly experimental in its own right. However, he protests against easy experimentation, where innovation becomes a mask for a total lack of content.〕 This conscious turn away from his colleagues and the bulk of his audience has perhaps reached its climax with the current phase of Hamelink's work. Since ''Sacrale komedie'' ("''Sacral Comedy''") his work has become highly allusive. Personal and "general" history fuse in ever more rigidly constructed poems.〔cf. De Coux, Anneleen. “ ‘De ornamentenversierde cither heraangeraakt’: ''Kinksteen van Ch'in'' ". ''Poëziekrant'' 5 (2003): 62-65. and Elshout, Ron. “Eeuwig, dagelijks: Over Tweede Gedichten van Jacques Hamelink”. ''Ons Erfdeel'' 2 (1994): 264-266.〕 The language of these poems heightens their difficulty: the author riffs on existing words, creating neologisms while at the same time reintroducing archaic words. Despite the current hermetic nature of his poetry, Hamelink has recently enjoyed a modest surge of popularity. Prominent Dutch critics and poets such as Ilya Leonard Pfeiffer write positive reviews on his works〔Pfeiffer, Ilya Leonard. “De boogschutter kan niet missen”. NRC Handelsblad(06.06.2003)〕 and two of Hamelink's recent publications have been nominated for the prestigious (VSB poetry prize ). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jacques Hamelink」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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